Psychosocial impact of covid-19
Psychosocial impact of covid-19 and some legal mechanisms in India One of the Top Competitive Institute in West Bengal, MIES Institute, puts an informative article on the psychosocial impact of covid-19 and some legal mechanisms in India written by on the top faculty Ms. Anupa Dey of MIES R. M. Law College under MIES Institute, Top most Coaching Centre for different Govt. Job exam preparation, which will enhance and aware more to mankind. MIES Institute is one of the Best Institute for WBCS exam in West Bengal, Head Office at Sonarpur, Main City Centre – Sealdah. Branches – Barasat, Behala Chowrasta, Howrah Maidan, Konnagar, Chinsurah, and Buniadpur. ——————————————————————————————————————— ABSTRACT ——————————————————————————————————————— 1.1 Introduction to Psychosocial impact of covid-19 The covid-19 virus gets its name from the word corona which means ‘Crown’ in Latin. Coronavirus has a series of crown-like spikes on its surface. The virus has been named novel as it has not been identified previously. The outbreak of the coronavirus started from Wuhan, the capital of China’s Hubei Province in December 2019 and has now spread across the globe. Although, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on 30 January 2020, and a Pandemic on 11 March 2020. When Covid-19 was limited to Wuhan, China, it was an epidemic. The geographical spread turned it into a pandemic. Common signs of Covid-19 disease include respiratory symptoms, fever, cough, shortness of breath, etc. In severe cases, it can cause pneumonia, SARS, Kidney failure, and even death. The pandemic, along with the obvious health-related impact, The pandemic, along with the obvious health-related impact, also poses a serious threat to the psychological wellbeing of individuals and has resulted in significant behavioral changes. The enormity of living in isolation, changes in our daily lives, job loss, financial hardship. And moreover, grief over the death of loved ones has the potential to affect the mental health and wellbeing of many. Covid-19 carries significant psychosocial and mental health hazards. As the mortality and morbidity statistics are reaching new peaks every day, isolation and lockdown states are getting prolonged, recreational opportunities for people are lessened and the financial crisis is building in, mental health issues are likely to grow exponentially. Therefore, there is a need to understand the psychosocial and behavioral perspectives of Covid-19 and delineate possible measures to cope with the pandemic for its effective management. Social Capital against Pandemic Growing Evidence suggests that outbreaks such as the Covid-19 pandemic are better handled in places where Social Capital is high. However, there are very few clear channels through which social capital makes communities better and able to respond to the outbreak. Social capital exists in different forms including trust, norms, and social networks. Social Capital is a “conceptual umbrella covering several more well-defined forms, such as networks, group memberships, civic and political participation as well as subjective aspects such as confidence in institutions and trust in people”. The Indian Constitution provides a distinct legal space to social capital through its Article 19(1) (c) on the right to form associations or unions and Article 43 which talks about States making endeavors to promote co-operatives in rural areas. However, it is seen that some people don’t value their lives, their family’s lives, keep aside the nation and roam around freely. There is an urgent need to educate the Indians of the seriousness of the situation, and the best way is to make them aware of the laws related to COVID-19 and let them know the consequences they can face for breaking the rules of the lockdown. Here are a few laws related to Covid-19 that should be known to all citizens of India. Under the Chapter of Indian Penal Code which deals with the Offences affecting the Public health, safety, convenience, decency and morals Sections [269-271] and Section 188 of the Indian Penal Code deals with Disobedience to order duly promulgated by Public Servant. Section 144 of the Criminal Procedure Code imposes power on the Executive Magistrate to restrict a particular or a group of persons residing in a particular area while visiting a certain place or area. The most important preventive measure against Covid-19 is safeguarded by this section that restricts to a gathering of people and thus in a way supports social distancing. The Epidemic Disease Act, 1897, and The Disaster Management Act, 2005 provide the provisions and take measures, regulations for stopping the spread of infectious diseases. Apart from these provisions, the Central Government has made some regulations which are necessary for the prevention of spreading of these diseases. While there is a list of laws related to Covid-19 we as responsible citizens need to realize that these laws are made for our betterment only and if we realize the seriousness of the ongoing crisis there would be no need to implement strict laws against the defaulters. 1.2 Objective and Purpose of the Study The present literature-based Research-Paper is being worked out: To understand the psychosocial and behavioural perspective of Covid-19 To analyze the psychosocial impact of Covid-19 on different strata of society Moreover, to promote Social Capital for the people’s physical activity and health status during the pandemic To aware the people of the Legal provisions which is related to Covid-19 and follow the provisions in a strict way 1.3 Significance of the Study This study is an attempt to map the issue of the psychosocial impact of Covid-19 on the population, mostly children, old persons, college students, and health professionals. The study has the focus on Social Capital which exists in different forms including trust, norms, and social networks. Moreover, the aim of this research is to give a thumbnail sketch of Legal Provisions relating to Covid-19 disease which will prevent the spreading of this very disease. This present work is unique amidst existing literature, which provides a panoramic survey of the psychosocial and behavioral aspects of Covid-19. Therefore, the Constitutional provisions and Indian laws are available against the spreading of this very disease. It is based on
The economic situation of Covid-19 after recovery
The economic situation of Covid-19 after recovery A privilege to introduce a write-up from one of the Top Institute for Govt Job exam, MIES Institute is a modern equipped Competitive Institute in West Bengal. An informative article on this pandemic situation of Covid-19 after recovery of economic condition in India 2021 is been written by the Director of this Topmost Institute for WBCS exam preparation in West Bengal, Mr. Jayanta Majumder. He had brilliantly described in this article the economic situation of Covid-19 after recovery. MIES Institute is one of the Best Institute for PSC, SSC, RAIL, BANK exams preparation in Kolkata of West Bengal, situated at Sonarpur (HO), Sealdah (Main City Centre), Branches at Barasat, Behala Chowrasta, Howrah Maidan, konnagar, and Chinsurah, moreover, this Institute is one of the best coachings for Govt. Job exams preparation in West Bengal. The write-up follows below. The United Nations sees the Indian economy recovering by 7.3 per cent this calendar year after a corona virus-driven fall of 9.6 per cent last year. The UN’s World Economic Situation and Prospects 2021 report released on Monday said that “despite drastic fiscal and monetary stimulus” India’s gross domestic product (GDP) fell because of lockdowns and other containment efforts that “slashed domestic consumption without halting the spread of the disease.” India’s GDP growth was forecast to dip in the 2022 calendar year to 5.9 percent, according to the report. China, where the Covid-19 pandemic started and spread bring the rest of the world to its knees, was the only major economy to have grown last year, registering a 2.4 per cent increase last and is forecast to grow by 7.2 per cent this year and by 5.8 per cent next year, according to the report. The global economy shrank by 4.3 per cent last year and is forecast to grow by 4.7 per cent this year and 5.9 per cent the next. UN’s Chief Economist Elliot Harris said, “The depth and severity of the unprecedented crisis foreshadows a slow and painful recovery.” He warned against the temptation to impose excessive fiscal austerity while the world recovers from the pandemic. “As we step into a long recovery phase with the roll out of the vaccines against Covid-19, we need to start boosting longer-term investments that chart the path toward a more resilient recovery,” he said. He said that the world now needed “a redefined debt sustainability framework, universal social protection schemes, and an accelerated transition to the green economy.” Analytical figures regarding economic condition The World Bank earlier this month forecast India’s economy to fall by 9.6 per cent during the current financial year but recover by 5.4 per cent next financial year if there is wide vaccination against the disease and it is contained. Compared to this, according to the UN estimates made on a fiscal basis for India, its economy was estimated to fall by only 5.7 per cent in 2020-21 and increase by 7 per cent in 2021-22 and 5.6 per cent in 2022-23. Reports are coming in from many quarters that India is swiftly recovering from the economic crippling caused by Covid-19-related lockdowns. Factory output in the country has risen steeply and at levels not seen in nearly a decade. While the exact shape of the ‘curve’ of India’s economic recovery is still being analysed, there is a palpable sense that things could have been much worse; indeed, by some estimates, they had been forecast to be much worse. Present political scenario If a political economy event could be considered the measure of the emotion on a real street, then it would be the recent elections in Bihar, one of the country’s poorest major states, where the ruling BJP-JD(U) combine won the elections, mostly on the personal appeal of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. What is going on? First, the stimulus rolled out by the Indian government has come in phases, with a constant feedback loop from the ground along with tweaks and alterations depending on the response. Second, the focus has consistently been on targeted delivery of cash and benefits to the most vulnerable parts of society where the money was more likely to be immediately spent rather than merely saved for a rainy day as middle-class financial behavior often tends to lean towards, thus creating money flow in the economy. A crisis in countries like India leads to an expanded rate in household savings. Govt. Actions regarding The economic situation of Covid-19 after recovery By targeting the stimulus sharply on rural jobs and cash and benefits to the vulnerable, especially in village communities, the government ensured that support went to the most-needed sector in the country. This is also why agrarian growth has remained resilient in the face of contraction in the wider economy in 2020 and why sales from two- wheelers and tractors to fertiliser off-take have remained strong and steady even in a year of unprecedented crisis. Special mention must be made here of the PM Kisan Yojana that shifted direct cash transfers to around 10 crore farmers, distributing about Rs 90,000 crore since its inception in December 2018, a significant part of it paid during the Covid-19 lockdown. Govt projects boost us economy Whether it is the rise in wages under the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA) or the special ex-gratia payments for around 200 million underprivileged women during the extreme lockdown, a vast portion of government help during Covid-19 has trickled down to the grassroots especially in non-urban areas, leading, unsurprisingly, to a record turnout of women voters in recent state elections around the country. Further reforms of agrarian markets, as rolled out recently, are likely to bring in much-needed private investment in the agricultural economy. The push for domestic sale and purchase of local products under Atmanirbhar Bharat has further propelled bumper sales at the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC), including a record of four days of sales of more than Rs 1 crore (per day) in the 40 days following October 2—a special day for khadi